Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

How does lymphedema generally present?

1. Localized muscle aches

2. Edema extending from toes to groin with skin changes

3. Mild swelling in joints

4. Localized swelling simplified to limbs only

The correct answer is: Edema extending from toes to groin with skin changes

Lymphedema typically presents as a condition characterized by significant swelling due to the accumulation of lymph fluid, often affecting the extremities. In the case of lymphedema, the edema usually starts distally and can advance proximally, leading to swelling that may extend from the toes all the way up to the groin. This swelling is often accompanied by noticeable skin changes, such as thickening or discoloration, as the condition progresses and additional fluid builds up in the tissues. The nature of lymphedema is such that it generally affects one limb more significantly than the other, though bilateral involvement can occur in some cases. The swelling may also be more pronounced in certain areas compared to others. In contrast to muscle aches, mild joint swelling, or localized swelling, which might suggest other issues such as arthritis or localized fluid retention not necessarily associated with lymphatic dysfunction, the correct presentation highlights both the extent of the swelling and accompanying skin changes that are distinctive to lymphedema. This makes option B the most comprehensive and accurate choice in describing how lymphedema generally presents.