Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

If a fistula produces less than 500ml of output in 24 hours, it is classified as what type?

1. high output fistula

2. low output fistula

3. complex fistula

4. simple fistula

The correct answer is: low output fistula

A fistula that produces less than 500ml of output in 24 hours is classified as a low output fistula. This classification is important for management and treatment strategies, as low output fistulas generally have a better prognosis and are often easier to manage than high output ones. When determining the output levels, clinical guidelines define a high output fistula as one producing more than 500ml of output per day, indicating a significant metabolic challenge and the need for more intensive management. Low output fistulas, on the other hand, are less burdensome in terms of fluid and electrolyte loss, and patients can often maintain better nutritional status. Understanding these classifications helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about fluid management, nutritional support, and when surgical intervention may be necessary. It also aids in predicting the spontaneous closure rates of fistulas, with low output fistulas often having higher closure rates over time without aggressive intervention.