Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What defines calciphylaxis?

1. Excessive skin Tag formation

2. Microvascular calcification leading to narrowing and thrombosis

3. Rapid growth of benign tumors

4. Inflammatory response causing mild skin irritation

The correct answer is: Microvascular calcification leading to narrowing and thrombosis

Calciphylaxis is defined primarily by microvascular calcification, which leads to the narrowing and thrombosis of small blood vessels. This pathological condition typically occurs in patients with advanced renal disease and results in the occlusion of blood flow to the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The microvascular calcifications lead to ischemia and can cause painful skin lesions, necrosis, and ulcerations as a result of insufficient blood supply. Understanding this condition is critical for healthcare providers, particularly those involved in wound care and management of patients with renal issues, as it not only affects the skin but can also indicate systemic concerns related to calcium and phosphate metabolism. The other choices presented do not accurately describe the mechanisms or implications of calciphylaxis, making the definition centered on microvascular calcification the most appropriate and accurate explanation.