Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What does hallux valgus refer to?

1. A type of muscle contraction

2. A misaligned great toe joint, commonly known as a bunion

3. A standard foot position

4. A bone condition in the toes

The correct answer is: A misaligned great toe joint, commonly known as a bunion

Hallux valgus specifically refers to a condition where the big toe, or hallux, becomes misaligned and deviates towards the other toes, leading to the formation of a bunion. This misalignment results in a prominent bump on the inner side of the foot, at the base of the big toe. Hallux valgus can cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty in shoe fitting, as well as inflammation in the affected area. It is typically more common in women and can be influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle, and foot structure. The term itself is derived from Latin, where "hallux" means "big toe" and "valgus" refers to an abnormal outward angulation of a part of the body. Understanding this condition is crucial for diagnosing and providing appropriate treatment, which may include footwear modifications, orthotics, or surgery, depending on severity.