Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What effect does aging have on blood flow in the skin?

1. Increased blood flow to promote healing

2. Stable blood flow leading to balanced skin health

3. Reduced blood flow, leading to slow healing

4. Improved blood flow causing inflammation

The correct answer is: Reduced blood flow, leading to slow healing

Aging has a significant impact on the vascular system, particularly in how blood flow is managed in the skin. As individuals age, there is a natural decline in the number and diameter of blood vessels in the skin, leading to a reduction in overall blood flow. This decreased perfusion means that the skin receives less oxygen and fewer nutrients critical for cellular function and repair processes. Consequently, this reduction in blood flow translates to slower healing responses, making the skin more susceptible to injuries and less capable of recovery from wounds, infections, or other dermatological conditions. The other options do not accurately reflect the physiological changes associated with aging. Increased blood flow is not a characteristic of aged skin, nor does aging typically result in stable blood flow. Instead, it highlights the need for wound care considerations in older adults, who may experience prolonged healing times due to reduced blood circulation.