Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What is a key pathological consequence of LEAD?

1. Atherosclerosis leading to narrowed vessels

2. Decreased blood viscosity

3. Improved vessel elasticity

4. High blood pressure without complications

The correct answer is: Atherosclerosis leading to narrowed vessels

In the context of lead exposure, one of the key pathological consequences is indeed atherosclerosis leading to narrowed vessels. Lead has been implicated in various cardiovascular issues, and chronic exposure can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, which is characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arterial walls. This process can cause the arteries to become narrowed and stiff, which can significantly impair blood flow and lead to serious health complications such as coronary artery disease and hypertension. Additionally, the toxic effects of lead are known to impact endothelial function, promoting inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are contributors to atherosclerosis. By understanding the relationship between lead exposure and vascular health, it becomes clear why narrowed vessels due to atherosclerosis is a significant concern in lead-related health issues. The other options do not correctly address the pathological effects of lead exposure. For instance, decreased blood viscosity is not a recognized outcome of lead exposure; in fact, lead exposure is more likely to contribute to increased blood viscosity as a result of its impact on blood components and overall cardiovascular health. Improved vessel elasticity would be contrary to the effects of lead, as atherosclerosis typically results in decreased elasticity of blood vessels. High blood pressure without complications does not fully capture the potential adverse outcomes associated with