Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What is the effect of decreased sensation in older skin?

1. Increased ability to detect injuries

2. Increased risk of trauma

3. Enhanced skin healing rates

4. Decreased chance of infections

The correct answer is: Increased risk of trauma

Decreased sensation in older skin significantly increases the risk of trauma. As individuals age, their skin undergoes physiological changes, including loss of elasticity, thinning of the epidermis, and diminished nerve endings. This reduction in sensory perception means that older adults may not notice injuries, pressure sores, or other forms of trauma until they have progressed to more serious conditions. When sensation is impaired, the skin's protective responses are compromised. For instance, an older adult may not feel discomfort from prolonged pressure, leading to pressure ulcers or other skin breakdowns. This heightened vulnerability to injury is integral to understanding skin care in older adults, particularly in settings like wound care or when managing chronic conditions. The other options present outcomes that are less likely in the context of decreased sensation. For example, the ability to detect injuries does not increase with reduced sensation, and healing rates are typically slower in older adults due to various factors, including decreased circulation and the presence of comorbidities. Additionally, while one might think that decreased sensation could contribute to fewer infections, the reality is quite the opposite—reduced awareness of injuries often leads to infections due to lack of timely treatment. Thus, the direct correlation between decreased sensation and increased risk of trauma is well established in ger