Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

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What is the primary cause of peristomal moisture-associated skin damage (MASD)?

Contact with air
Exposure to effluent and perspiration
Use of alcohol-based cleaners
Insufficient dressing change frequency

The correct answer is: Exposure to effluent and perspiration

Peristomal moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) primarily arises from exposure to effluent and perspiration. When skin around the stoma is consistently exposed to moisture, particularly from bodily fluids such as urine or feces, as well as sweat, it can lead to skin maceration, irritation, and eventually damage. This damage is due to the breakdown of the skin's protective barrier, making it susceptible to further irritation, infection, and discomfort. Maintaining the integrity of the skin around a stoma is crucial for preventing MASD. Understanding the role of moisture in this condition emphasizes the importance of effective stoma care practices, including the proper management of effluent containment and ensuring the skin remains as dry as possible to limit the risk of damage. Considering other factors such as air contact, alcohol-based cleaners, and dressing change frequency, while they may influence skin health, are not the primary causes of MASD in this context. In essence, the continuous exposure to moisture from effluent and perspiration is the defining factor that leads to the development of this specific skin complication around the stoma.