Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What role do MMPs play in wound healing?

1. They promote infection

2. They aid in the breakdown of extracellular matrix

3. They inhibit cell migration

4. They cause increased inflammation

The correct answer is: They aid in the breakdown of extracellular matrix

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that play a crucial role in the process of wound healing by aiding in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells and is essential for tissue repair. During wound healing, the remodeling phase is particularly important. MMPs are involved in the degradation of various components of the ECM, such as collagen and gelatin. This breakdown is necessary to allow new cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells, to migrate into the wound bed and facilitate the processes of granulation tissue formation and re-epithelialization. Furthermore, the regulated activity of MMPs allows for a balance between degradation and synthesis of the ECM, which is essential for proper tissue repair. Without the action of MMPs, the wound healing process could be impaired, potentially leading to chronic wounds or excessive scar formation. In contrast, other options do not accurately reflect the role of MMPs. They do not promote infection, inhibit cell migration, or cause increased inflammation directly. Instead, they contribute positively to the healing process by enabling necessary cellular activities and providing a controlled environment for tissue repair.