Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What types of products are classified as emollients?

1. Aloe vera, glycerin, shea butter

2. Mineral oil, petrolatum, lanolin

3. Salicylic acid and retinoids

4. Hyaluronic acid and collagen

The correct answer is: Mineral oil, petrolatum, lanolin

Emollients are substances that help to soften and soothe the skin by providing a barrier to prevent moisture loss. The products in the correct choice, which includes mineral oil, petrolatum, and lanolin, are all known for their effective emollient properties. Mineral oil acts as a moisturizing agent that can help to relieve dry skin by forming a protective barrier on the skin's surface, reducing water loss. Petrolatum is another occlusive agent that not only enhances moisture retention but also protects the skin from external irritants. Lanolin, derived from sheep's wool, has similar occlusive properties and is also known for its ability to mimic the skin's natural oils, making it ideal for treating dry, flaky skin. Together, these substances are primarily used to prevent transepidermal water loss, thus ensuring the skin remains hydrated and protected. The other options contain ingredients that may have benefits for skin health but do not classify as emollients. For instance, aloe vera, glycerin, and shea butter (from the first option) primarily act as moisturizers and may have soothing properties, but they lack the specifically occlusive properties that define emollients. Salicylic acid and retinoids (from the third option)