Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which layer of skin is responsible for the formation of new skin cells?

1. Stratum spinosum

2. Stratum germinativum

3. Dermis

4. Subcutaneous tissue

The correct answer is: Stratum germinativum

The formation of new skin cells primarily occurs in the stratum germinativum, also known as the basal layer of the epidermis. This layer contains a high concentration of keratinocytes, which are the cells that produce keratin, a crucial protein for the skin's structure and protective functions. The cells in the stratum germinativum are continually dividing, pushing older cells up to the surface of the skin as they mature. This process is essential for skin renewal and helps maintain proper skin health. The other layers mentioned, while important in their own right, do not play a direct role in generating new skin cells. The stratum spinosum provides support and strength to the skin but does not initiate cell formation. The dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, and other structures but is not involved in the production of new epidermal cells. Lastly, the subcutaneous tissue serves as insulation and cushioning beneath the skin but is also not involved in the formation of new skin cells. Thus, the stratum germinativum is the key layer in the continuous renewal of the epidermis.