Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which of the following findings would suggest severe ischemia based on ABI values?

1. 0.75

2. 0.90

3. 0.50

4. 1.25

The correct answer is: 0.50

The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is a critical measurement used to assess the blood flow to the extremities and can indicate the severity of ischemia. An ABI value of less than 0.90 suggests the presence of peripheral artery disease (PAD), and lower values indicate more severe ischemia. In this context, an ABI value of 0.50 is particularly significant as it reflects severe ischemia. This level indicates that there is significantly reduced blood flow to the legs, which may manifest as claudication, pain at rest, or even skin changes in the affected limb. Such a value suggests a more critical level of arterial blockage, comparing it to a value of 0.75 or 0.90, which indicate milder forms of ischemia. A value of 1.25 is considered normal, indicating no ischemia at all. Therefore, 0.50 is the only value within the provided choices that corresponds to severe ischemia, highlighting the urgent need for further evaluation and possible intervention.