Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which of the following materials can be used as a contact layer for deep, wet wounds?

1. Dry gauze

2. Calcium alginate

3. Transparent adhesive dressing

4. Polyester film

The correct answer is: Calcium alginate

The use of calcium alginate as a contact layer for deep, wet wounds is effective because it is designed to create a moist environment conducive to healing. Calcium alginate is derived from seaweed and is highly absorbent, able to manage exudate from the wound effectively, which helps to prevent maceration of surrounding tissue. The high moisture retention of calcium alginate supports autolytic debridement by facilitating the maintenance of moisture at the wound site, while also forming a gel when it comes into contact with exudate, which can provide a protective barrier against external contaminants. In contrast, dry gauze does not provide the necessary moisture balance and can adhere to the wound, causing pain and potential disruption of healing when removed. Transparent adhesive dressings can be used for superficial wounds but lack the absorptive properties required for deeper, wet wounds. Similarly, polyester film is impermeable and may not allow for proper moisture management, which is crucial for deeper wounds with significant exudate. Thus, calcium alginate is the most suitable choice as it aligns with the principles of moisture retention and effective exudate management in wound care.