Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which part of the nail consists of overlapping layers of keratinized cells?

1. Nail plate

2. Nail bed

3. Nail matrix

4. Nail folds

The correct answer is: Nail plate

The nail plate is the hard, protective part of the nail that is composed of overlapping layers of keratinized cells. Keratin, a tough protein, is key in providing the nail with its strength and durability. The structure consists of tightly packed, flattened cells that have undergone a process of keratinization, making the nail plate a resilient barrier. The nail plate's configuration allows it to function effectively in protecting the underlying structures of the fingertip or toe, while also providing an aesthetic aspect to the nails. The layers of cells in the nail plate are produced by the nail matrix, which is the area where nail growth occurs. In contrast, other components like the nail bed, which is the skin beneath the nail plate, and the nail folds, which are the skin on the sides of the nails, play supporting roles and do not contain the same overlapping keratinized layers as the nail plate.