Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which statement reflects necessary patient education for LEAD?

1. Encourage increased physical trauma

2. Promote hydration and neutral positioning

3. Advocate for a high-fat diet

4. Discourage regular foot care

The correct answer is: Promote hydration and neutral positioning

Promoting hydration and neutral positioning is essential for patients with Lower Extremity Arterial Disease (LEAD) because these practices support optimal blood circulation and tissue health. Adequate hydration helps maintain skin integrity and can prevent dehydration-related complications, which are particularly important for patients with compromised blood flow. Neutral positioning reduces the risk of additional pressure on already fragile areas, minimizing the likelihood of skin breakdown or further ischemia. In contrast, increasing physical trauma or advocating for a high-fat diet would not support the overall health of a patient with LEAD. Physical trauma can exacerbate existing conditions, and a high-fat diet may contribute to further vascular problems rather than support healing. Similarly, discouraging regular foot care directly contradicts the need for diligent monitoring and maintenance of foot health, which is crucial in preventing infections and complications in LEAD patients. Therefore, the emphasis on proper hydration and positioning plays a critical role in education that aligns with the management of LEAD.