Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which treatment is used to prevent complications related to increased fluid loss in premature infants?

1. Frequent bathing

2. Application of topical medications

3. Maintaining a warm environment

4. Minimizing exposure to air

The correct answer is: Maintaining a warm environment

Maintaining a warm environment is essential for preventing complications related to increased fluid loss in premature infants. Premature newborns have less body fat and a lower ability to regulate their temperature, leading to increased risk of hypothermia. When an infant becomes hypothermic, not only is their overall health at risk, but they can also lose fluids more rapidly. A warm environment helps to stabilize their body temperature, reducing the metabolic demands on the infant and preserving skin integrity, which further aids in decreasing fluid loss through evaporation. In contrast, frequent bathing and the application of topical medications may increase the risk of fluid loss rather than prevent it. Minimizing exposure to air can help to some extent, but maintaining warmth is the primary strategy in ensuring the infant’s health while managing fluid balance effectively. Therefore, the option that focuses on maintaining a warm environment provides a critical preventive measure against fluid loss complications in premature infants.