Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Who is most likely to develop hammer toes or claw toes?

1. Individuals with high arches

2. Individuals with motor neuropathy

3. Individuals with flat feet

4. Individuals with plantar fasciitis

The correct answer is: Individuals with motor neuropathy

Individuals with motor neuropathy are most likely to develop hammer toes or claw toes due to the imbalance in muscle strength and coordination that accompanies this condition. Motor neuropathy affects the nerves that control the muscles in the foot, leading to weakness or paralysis in specific muscle groups. This results in an inability to maintain the proper positioning of the toes and can cause them to be flexed or curled, characteristic of hammer toe or claw toe deformities. In terms of broader foot health, the action of the muscles and tendons is critical for maintaining proper toe alignment. When the motor function is compromised, it leads to muscle imbalances that promote these deformities. For example, if the dorsal muscles are weaker compared to the plantar flexors, the toes may curl downward. Thus, motor neuropathy specifically creates a predilection for developing these toe deformities. Other conditions, such as having high arches or flat feet, can affect foot mechanics and might contribute to various issues, but they do not primarily lead to hammer toes or claw toes in the way that motor neuropathy does. Plantar fasciitis, on the other hand, is mainly related to heel pain rather than toe positioning disorders.